Pfizer second booster side effects full#
Pfizer second booster side effects trial#

Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify short-term side-effects following the administration of a booster dose of Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) COVID-19 in adults in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.Ī review of literature, including PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, and other databases, was conducted with the goal of identifying short-term and potential side-effects that might occur after the Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccination.

Post-marketing evaluation is necessary to increase the public trust in vaccine and encourage them to accept the vaccine, ,, ].įurther epidemiological studies are needed to assess the short-term side-effects of COVID-19 vaccine and to increase public confidence in the safety and effectiveness of the current vaccine and any future boosters. Public confidence may also have been affected by the use of new technologies for vaccine development.

Thus the side-effects of vaccines may have been underestimated. Īlthough clinical trials assured the efficacy and safety of the vaccine, the had limitations, such as using small numbers of participants and healthier than real world samples of the population. Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Health created public awareness about the importance of a booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine through a campaign called “Maintain Your Level with booster dose” in order to achieve maximum immunity within the community. The Saudi Arabian government has recommended a booster shot for everyone over 17 years old who has already received two doses. The World Health Organization is also promoting the importance of obtaining a third booster dose of the vaccine, to emphasize immunization efforts in order decrease the death rates and reduce the severity of disease, so as to protect the health care system in general. Later the eligibility was expanded to other groups. With the rise of new variants of the Coronavirus, from Alpha to Omicron such as Delta, Mu, Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), Omicron (B.1.1.529), there is a worry that the decline in immunity over time will reduce the potency of the vaccine and that booster dose will be required to help stimulate immunity against the new strains, ,, ].Īfter FDA approval, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended a booster dose for every 17 years and over. COVID-19 is approved for use as a two-dose vaccine by BioNTech (BNT162b2) to be administered between 21 and 28 days after the first dose to all people 12 years and older. Īn mRNA vaccine developed by Pfizer and BioNTech encodes the spike glycoprotein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with its nucleoside mRNA, and can be delivered via lipid-based nanoparticle drug delivery systems that enable efficient extravasation into host cells.

Originally, a large proportion of people in the Middle East were reluctant to accept the vaccine.

Pfizer second booster side effects full#

It was granted EUA (emergency use authorization) in December 2020, and received full FDA approval on August 23, 2021, after having met all efficiency and safety requirements.

Pfizer second booster side effects trial#

It was developed in a very short time and was given FDA (US Food and Drug Administration) approval after just 7 months following its phase I/II trial that took place in May 2020. Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) was the first COVID-19 vaccine.

Over 5.5 billion people have received a COVID-19 vaccine worldwide until today. The threats posed by the pandemic prompted pharmaceutical companies to speed up vaccine development, either by using old technologies or by rapidly developing innovative technology, , ].Ī vaccine could be one of the ways to fight the COVID-19 pandemic. The clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection ranges from asymptomatic infection or minor illness to severe life-threatening disease. As of September 30 th 2022, 816,498 cases, and 9,352 deaths, have been reported in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Globally, at the time of writing over 600 million people have been infected by SARS-CoV-2, and around 6.54 have million died from the infection.